Ceiling outlets are fed by flexible ducts that run across the roof space from the central unit. In many Melbourne homes that unit is a gas ducted heater, a ducted reverse cycle system or an evaporative cooler on the roof, and some homes have more than one. The return air grille pulls room air back into the system, so the same dust, pet hair, cooking residue and lint from the house is drawn through the ducts over and over. Some of it settles in the ribs of the flexible duct and around the outlets. Evaporative systems also push outside air through the same ducts, so they collect dust from outdoors as well.
The dark ring you sometimes see on the ceiling around a vent is a sign of what is moving through the air. Our guide on dust coming from vents explains the common causes one by one.