Most split system breakdowns come down to a short list of causes, and the symptom usually points to the right one. Warm air or weak cooling is most often low refrigerant from a slow leak, a dirty coil that cannot shed heat, or an outdoor fan that has stopped. Water leaking inside is nearly always a blocked or kinked drain line, a cracked drain tray, or a unit that was mounted without enough fall. Error codes point to sensors, the control board, communication between the two units, or a protection trip on the compressor. Tripping power means an electrical fault: a failed capacitor, a shorted fan motor, moisture in a connection or a compressor drawing too much current.
Ice on the pipes looks dramatic but is a symptom, not the fault. It usually means the system is short of refrigerant or air is not moving across the coil, so we look for the reason rather than just letting it thaw.